Rules of Capitalization in Spanish

Rules of Capitalization in Spanish Spanish uses far fewer capital letters than does English. With only two exceptions - Spanish capitalizes Sol and Luna when they refer to the Earths sun and moon, respectively - whenever Spanish capitalizes a word, the corresponding word in English is capitalized. But the opposite is far from true; there are numerous instances where English capitalizes that Spanish does not. What Spanish does capitalize are proper names for people, places, holidays, newspapers, and magazines; abbreviations of personal titles such as Dr. (Dr.), Sr. (Mr.), Sra. (Mrs.), and Srta. (Miss); and the first word in the titles of books, plays, movies, and similar works. Here are the most common cases where English capitalizes that Spanish does not: Calendar Names of the days of the week and months of the year use lower-case letters. Hoy es martes. (Today is Tuesday.) Mà ©xico celebra su independencia el 16 de septiembre. (Mexico celebrates its independence on September 16.) Composition Titles In formal written Spanish, titles of movies, books, plays, and similar works capitalize only the first word and proper nouns. La guerra de las galaxias (Star Wars), Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal (Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone) Note: In informal written Spanish, and on book covers and movie posters, it is not unusual to see such composition titles capitalized as in English. Personal Titles Introductory titles are not capitalized, although common abbreviations of them (such as Sr. for seà ±or, Dr. for doctor, D. for don and Srta. for seà ±orita) are.  ¿Conoces a la seà ±ora Wilson? (Do you know Mrs. Wilson?)  ¿Conoces a la Sra. Wilson? (Do you know Mrs. Wilson?) La reina Victoria fue mi abuela. (Queen Victoria was my grandmother.) Religions Names of religions and their adherents arent capitalized. Mi madre es catà ³lica. (My mother is Catholic.) Estudio el cristianismo. (Im studying Christianity.) Ordinal Numbers When an ordinal number is used after a name, it isnt capitalized. Luis catorce (Luis the Fourteenth), Carlos octavo (Charles the Eighth.) If Roman numerals are used, they are capitalized. Place Names Although the given name of rivers, lakes, mountains and other geographic features are capitalized, the geographical identity is not. No vimos el rà ­o Amazonas. (We didnt see the Amazon River.) Vivimos cerca de la montaà ±a Rainier. (We live near Mount Rainier.) Nationality Although names of countries and cities are capitalized, words derived from them are not. Soy inglà ©s. (Im English.) Prefiero los cocos puertorriqueà ±os. (I prefer the Puerto Rican coconuts.) Languages Names of languages arent capitalized. Hablo inglà ©s. (I speak English.) Quiero estudiar alemn. (I want to study German.) Sample Sentences on Spanish Capitalization Habà ­ negociaciones de paz entre el gobierno del presidente Juan Manuel Santos y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia. (There were peace negotiations between the government of Presidente Juan Manual Santos and the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Colombia. The presidents title isnt capitalized, but the formal name of FARC is because it is considered a proper noun.) Los musulmanes catalanes son ms que una comunidad. (Catalonian Muslims are more than a community. References to the geographic origin or religious affiliations of people are not capitalized.) El rà ­o Danubio atraviesa varios paà ­ses de Europa antes de desembocar en el Mar negro. (The Danube River crosses several European countries before emptying into the Black Sea. Only the given names of the river and sea are capitalized.) El rey Lear es una tragedia de Shakespeare. King Lear is a Shakespeare tragedy. (Rey is not capitalized, even though it is part of the play title as well as a personal title.) Herodes murià ³ el aà ±o 4 a. de C. (Herod died in 4 B.C. Only the letter standing for the name of a person is capitalized in this abbreviation. The abbreviation stands for antes de Cristo.) El doctor Romero es un conocido veterinario de Buenos Aires. El Dr. Romero es un conocide veterinario de Buenos Aires. (Dr. Romero is a well-known Buenos Aires veterinarian. His title is capitalized when abbreviated but not otherwise.) Herodes murià ³ el aà ±o 4 a. de C. (Herod died in 4 B.C. Only the letter standing for the name of a person is capitalized in this abbreviation. The abbreviation stands for antes de Cristo.) Las Naciones Unidas es una organizacià ³n internacional formada por 192 paà ­ses independientes. (The United Nations is an international organization formed by 192 independent countries. Names of organizations are capitalized as in English.) El budismo es una religià ³n oriental que tiene muchos creyentes occidentales. (Buddhism is an Eastern religion that has many Western believers. Names of religions are not capitalized, even when named after a person. Neither are geographical words such as oriental unless they refer to a specific entity, such as in Europa Oriental for Eastern Europe.)

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Remote Sensing - Design of a Spaceborne Sensor Essay

Remote Sensing - Design of a Spaceborne Sensor - Essay Example For these earthquakes prediction and monitoring, lots of works are being done and lots more are in progress. These include a wide range of technologies such as seismographs, accelerometers and satellite imagery. All provides information having vital importance depending on area and costs. The upcoming technologies are thought to have more significant features that hopefully are able to predict the earthquakes with more accuracy and vivid predictions that will help to mitigate the population even before the earthquake would have occurred. Earthquakes are occurred by the movement of ground due to insufficient stress and strain in the earth’s tectonic plates. It could cause devastating effect when it magnitudes are high and the duration of the earthquake is also high. The death toll could increase to thousands within seconds after the earthquake of high intensity has occurred. The devastating effect also depends on the quality of the infrastructure and more importantly the prepar edness for the disaster. In most cases, because of the rapid ground shaking without any warnings and early signs usually there is a lot of destruction because it is not easy to predict when the earthquake will occur. According to the EAS, The effect of earthquake includes landslides, shaking, tsunamis and liquefaction (EAS, 2011). Most of the death toll is due to the collapse of the infrastructure whereas other reasons also exist. The post traumatic stress disorder is also a reason for the death toll to rise even after the earthquake. Here are some pictures of earthquake destruction as follows There are different methods by which the earthquakes are determined. These methods includes the use of different wavelengths for predicting the change in the structures of the rock, the light that is reflected from the minerals present in the rocks and also the use of graphs that monitors different waves that are caused because of the movement of the tectonic plates. The different methods that are used are stated below that either monitor is used to predict the future earthquakes that are likely to happen. Space borne sensors:- The space borne sensors are used in many different fields and the one important filed is used to predict the earthquakes and study the behavior of rocks that are altered after the earthquakes. The land Sat satellite is used in different field that includes the field of the geologist. It travels in different directions and with the help of the earth’s revolving around the axis, with the help of electromagnetic waves it takes the snaps and are compared with previous data and experts by making calculations can predict where might the next earthquake could occur. The diagram below shows its behavior of working. With the help of geologic maps that are taken from the satellites, the seismologists evaluate the seismic activity and it helps them to predict the earthquake, though not utmost success but still helps to widen the knowledge. According t o NASA the magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck and these images were found very helpful in determining the earthquake destruction (NASA, 2007). Boeing Constant WC-135 Phoenix: - It is a military aircraft that is used by The United stated for determining the nuclear and seismic activity on the ground and it is found to be very helpful in determining the situations. In certain cases because of the nuclear activity is altered due to earthquakes because of

Interview with Accident Victim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interview with Accident Victim - Essay Example However, there was nitrogen inside the pipe as it had been formerly connected to the oxygen feed mixer. As there was no warning sign indicating it as a confined space or to indicate that the pipe contained nitrogen, the workers had no way to identify its presence. Worsening the situation, nitrogen cannot be detected using human senses as it is both odorless and tasteless. Admittedly, nitrogen is potentially dangerous at high concentrations as it causes asphyxiation. As the workers entered the pipe and as they covered the mouth of the pipe with plastic sheet, they were overcome by nitrogen. When one of their coworkers looked into the pipe through an opening in the plastic sheet, he found both of them lying unconscious. Immediately, the plant emergency response team was informed. They arrived and took both of the workers out of the pipe. They were given cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Thereafter, they were transferred to hospital by ambulance. Both of them were in critical condition and were given oxygen therapy for about a week. Thereafter, he was released and took a week’s rest at home. In total, the person lost about two week’s work. Soon, there was an OSHA visit and the company was fined for the accident. In addition, the company was made to improve its safety standards immediately.  

Generations Repeated :: essays research papers

Sine the start of the town Macondo, the Buendia family has made very poor decisions in their lifetime. The choices they have made have caused the generations from then on to be repeated. Descisions that had been made in the beginning were being made in the end. In the novel, One Hundred Years Of Solitude, Gabriel Garcia Marquez displays how poor decisions made in he beginning can effect life in the future. At the end of the book, Gabriel Garcia Marquez tells how aureliano has finished classifying the alphebet of the parchments made by Melquiedes six generations before. For instance, he says, "Melquiedes revealed to him that his opportunities to return to the room were limited" (Marquez 384). Melquiedes is warning him and trying to let him know that he will never be able to leave and have a normal life outside of Macondo. The mistakes made from his ancestors had condemned him to never getting out of Macondo. Initially, One critic states that the character is wishing to treasure his origins: the cost he pays is large because, in doing so, he is obligated to forget about his future.(Alicia Borinsky) The critic is sayin the author is wishing to find his origins. Resulting from families mistakes, he will have to pay and forget about his future. Everything that his family had done in the past, he will have to pay for in the future. While reading the prophecies, Aureliano discovers the mystery of the family. For instance, the author says, "Before reading the final line, however, he had already understood that he would never leave that room, for it was foreseen that the city of mirors(or mirages) would be wiped out by the wind and exiled from the memory of men at the precise moment when Aureliano Babilonia would finish deciphering the parchments, and that everything written on them was unrepeatable since time immemorial and forever more, because races condemned to one hundred years of solitude did not havea second opportunity on earth" (Marquez 448). The prophecies tell him he will never be able to leave the city. He will be exiled from his memory of everything. One critic says, For Aureliano Babilonia, the earth of the parchments he reviews is indistinguishable from his world, the world of the town, Macondo: for Aureliano, reading as a pocket addition of the interpretation gives way to a mode of b eing. Generations Repeated :: essays research papers Sine the start of the town Macondo, the Buendia family has made very poor decisions in their lifetime. The choices they have made have caused the generations from then on to be repeated. Descisions that had been made in the beginning were being made in the end. In the novel, One Hundred Years Of Solitude, Gabriel Garcia Marquez displays how poor decisions made in he beginning can effect life in the future. At the end of the book, Gabriel Garcia Marquez tells how aureliano has finished classifying the alphebet of the parchments made by Melquiedes six generations before. For instance, he says, "Melquiedes revealed to him that his opportunities to return to the room were limited" (Marquez 384). Melquiedes is warning him and trying to let him know that he will never be able to leave and have a normal life outside of Macondo. The mistakes made from his ancestors had condemned him to never getting out of Macondo. Initially, One critic states that the character is wishing to treasure his origins: the cost he pays is large because, in doing so, he is obligated to forget about his future.(Alicia Borinsky) The critic is sayin the author is wishing to find his origins. Resulting from families mistakes, he will have to pay and forget about his future. Everything that his family had done in the past, he will have to pay for in the future. While reading the prophecies, Aureliano discovers the mystery of the family. For instance, the author says, "Before reading the final line, however, he had already understood that he would never leave that room, for it was foreseen that the city of mirors(or mirages) would be wiped out by the wind and exiled from the memory of men at the precise moment when Aureliano Babilonia would finish deciphering the parchments, and that everything written on them was unrepeatable since time immemorial and forever more, because races condemned to one hundred years of solitude did not havea second opportunity on earth" (Marquez 448). The prophecies tell him he will never be able to leave the city. He will be exiled from his memory of everything. One critic says, For Aureliano Babilonia, the earth of the parchments he reviews is indistinguishable from his world, the world of the town, Macondo: for Aureliano, reading as a pocket addition of the interpretation gives way to a mode of b eing.

Definition of Retail Marketing Essay

Retail is the activity of selling goods direct to the public, usually in small quantities. Retail is the sale of goods and services from individuals or businesses to the end-user. Retailers are part of an integrated system called the supply chain. A retailer purchases goods or products in large quantities from manufacturers directly or through a wholesale, and then sells smaller quantities to the consumer for a profit. Retailing can be done in either fixed locations like stores or markets, door-to-door or by delivery. Retailing includes subordinated services, such as delivery. Retail marketing is comprised of the activities related to selling products directly to consumers through channels such as stores, malls, kiosks, vending machines or other fixed locations, according to the Free Dictionary. In contrast, direct marketing to consumers attempts to complete a sale through phone, mail or website sales. The successful implementation of the components of the traditional marketing mix (product, place, price and promotion) are essential for success in retail marketing. The savvy marketer must have a thorough understanding of his or her customers to answer the questions that are implied by each of the 4 P’s. Concept of Retail Marketing Retail marketing depends on learning what customers need and want in the marketplace. The central idea behind retail marketing is ensuring that a company creates products a customer needs or wants, products the customer is willing to pay to own. Some companies have retail marketing departments within their office while others outsource marketers to research and market their product. Using diverse approaches to studying consumer behavior, marketers inventing creative ways to attract shoppers to a product. Corporate Marketing Business marketing is the practice of individuals or organizations, such as commercial businesses, governments and institutions, facilitating the sale of their products or services to other companies or organizations that either resell them, use them as components in products or services they offer, or use them to support their operations. Also known as industrial marketing, business marketing is sometimes referred to as business-to-business marketing, or B2B marketing, for short. Corporate marketing in concerned with the position of the company within the wider market and can involve operations like competitive analysis or monitoring of market dynamics and environmental shifts. Corporate marketing is not concerned with selling products; instead, it seeks to create brand awareness and foster good relations with businesses partners, current or potential investors, retailers, and distributors. Although it is defined as marketing, this function is often performed by professionals from other fields, such as finance or PR. Strategic Marketing Strategic marketing is the endeavor of a business to differentiate itself positively from its competitors, using its strengths to satisfy customer needs in a given environment.The marketing strategy is devised by marketers but executed by other departments within the company, as it is actually logistics, product design, call centers and finance that have to implement the vision. For example, if the strategic marketing plan may call for a new product, the implementation will call for new research and development, new providers, and even new production facilities. The promotion Promotion is one of the market mix elements, and a term used frequently in marketing. The specification of five promotional mix or promotional plan. These elements are personal selling, advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing, and publicity.[1] A promotional mix specifies how much attention to pay to each of the five subcategories, and how much money to budget for each. A promotional plan can have a wide range of objectives, including: sales increases, new product acceptance, creation of brand equity, positioning, competitive retaliations, or creation of a corporate image. Fundamentally, however there are three basic objectives of promotion. These are:[2] 1. To present information to consumers as well as others. 2. To increase demand. 3. To differentiate a product. There are different ways to promote a product in different areas of media. Promoters use internet advertisement, special events, endorsements, and newspapers to advertise their product. Many times with the purchase of a product there is an incentive like discounts, free items, or a contest. This is to increase the sales of a given product. Generally, promotion is communicating with the public in an attempt to influence them toward buying your products and/or services. How does promotion differ from advertising? Promotion is the broader, all inclusive term. Advertising is just one specific action you could take to promote your product or service. Promotion, as a general term, includes all the ways available to make a product and/or service known to and purchased by customers and clients. The word promotion is also used specifically to refer to a particular activity that is intended to promote the business, product or service. A store might advertise that it’s having a big promotion on certain items, for instance, or a business person may refer to an ad as a promotion. Also Known As: Promo. Often confused with advertising or marketing. Examples: Contests and advertising are two examples of Promotion is the business of communicating with customers. It will provide information that will assist them in making a decision to purchase a product or service. The razzmatazz, pace and creativity of some promotional activities are almost alien to normal business activities. The cost associated with promotion or advertising goods and services often represents a sizeable proportion of the overall cost of producing an item. However, successful promotion increases sales so that advertising and other costs are spread over a larger output. Though increased promotional activity is often a sign of a response to a problem such as competitive activity, it enables an organisation to develop and build up a succession of messages and can be extremely cost-effective. Publicity is the deliberate attempt to manage the public’s perception of a subject. The subjects of publicity include people (for example, politicians and performing artists), goods and services, organizations of all kinds, and works of art or entertainment. Publicity is the act of attracting the media attention and gaining visibility with the public, it necessarily needs the compliment of the media it cannot be done internally because it requires the attention of the publicist and it is the publicist that carries out publicity while PR is the strategic management function that helps an organization communicate, establish and maintain relation with the important audiences, It can be done internally without the use of media From a marketing perspective, publicity is one component of promotion which is one component of marketing. The other elements of the promotional mix are advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing and personal selling. Examples of promotional tactics incl ude: †¢ Art exhibitions  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ event sponsorship †¢ Arrange a speech or talk †¢ Make an analysis or prediction †¢ Conduct a poll or survey †¢ Issue a report †¢ Take a stand on a controversial subject †¢ Arrange for a testimonial †¢ Announce an appointment †¢ Invent then present an award †¢ Stage a debate †¢ Organize a tour of your business or projects †¢ Issue a commendation The advantages of publicity are low cost, and credibility (particularly if the publicity is aired in between news stories like on evening TV news casts). New technologies such as weblogs, web cameras, web affiliates, and convergence (phone-camera posting of pictures and videos to websites) are changing the cost-structure. The disadvantages are lack of control over how your releases will be used, and frustration over the low percentage of releases that are taken up by the media. Publicity draws on several key themes including birth, love, and death. These are of particular interest because they are themes in human lives which feature heavily throughout life. In television serials several couples have emerged during crucial ratings and important publicity times, as a way to make constant headlines. Also known as a publicity stunt, the pairings may or may not be according to the fact.

Determining Causes And Effects Major Cause And Effects Of...

Assignment #3.1: Determining Causes and Effects Major cause and effects of stress in college students Vanity Talbert ENG 115- English Composition Olivia Clark August .17, 2015 Dealing and living with stress has become almost a way of life of many people today, as they combine busy lives with the high demands of work or study while trying to make time for family and friends. Students experience episodic stresses while getting ready for an exam ,Finalizing an important paper ,or even getting prepared for an interview . It is nevertheless important to make sure that stress does not become a way of life. Research has divulged that lengthen period of stress increases certain health risks .It also wears and tears relationships and general being of a person. So Many college students spend most of their time stressed out on campuses. The students are submerge by balancing classes ,assignments ,tests extra-curricular activities and work. College life has additionally become very opposing .It has become impenetrable to get to college, and it has gotten more expensive. College life elaborates significant adjustments to daily routines, time-management skills, sleeping and eating habits. In one way or the other, stress levels are altered. Reconstruction to the new life and the subsequent stress that comes with it affects students in different ways . The document discusses the causes and effects of stress to college students using materials from severalShow MoreRelatedCareer Goals Hurt Academic Performance1515 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance One major and frightening problem students face is not developing defined career goals. Students Who enter college right after graduating high school tend to have no idea of what exact career path that they want to pursue. A majority of these students struggle to figure out their career goals and end up taking a variety of different courses, most of which are unnecessary. 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